Search results for "Acute [MeSH]"

Standalone sauna vs exercise followed by sauna on cardiovascular function in non‐naïve sauna users: A comparison of acute effects

2021

Background and aimsSauna bathing and aerobic exercise have each been shown to affect cardiovascular function. However, direct comparisons between standalone sauna bathing and a combination of exercise and sauna on vascular indices remain limited. Therefore, we conducted a cross-over study using matched durations to explore the hemodynamic changes of sauna exposure when compared to a combination of aerobic exercise and sauna exposure.MethodsParticipants (N = 72) with at least one cardiovascular risk factor underwent, on two separate occasions: (a) a 30-minute sauna at 75°C (SAUNA) and (b) the combination of a 15-minute cycling exercise at 75% maximum heart rate followed by 15-minute sauna ex…

2021

Functional proprioceptive information is required to allow an individual to interact with the environment effectively for everyday activities such as locomotion and object manipulation. Specifically, research suggests that application of compression garments could improve proprioceptive regulation of action by enhancing sensorimotor system noise in individuals of different ages and capacities. However, limited research has been conducted with samples of elderly people thus far. This study aimed to examine acute effects of wearing knee-length socks (KLS) of various compression levels on ankle joint position sense in community-dwelling, older adults. A total of 26 participants (12 male and 14…

2017

Creatine kinase (CK) is a marker for muscle cell damage with limited potential as marker for training load in strength training. Recent exercise studies identified cell free DNA (cfDNA) as a marker for aseptic inflammation and cell damage. Here we overserved in a pilot study the acute effects during strength exercise and chronic effects of regular strength training on cfDNA concentrations over a period of four weeks in three training groups applying conservation training (CT) at 60% of the 1 repetition maximum, high intensity-low repetition training (HT) at 90% of the 1 repetition maximum and differential training (DT) at 60% of the 1 repetition maximum. EDTA-plasma samples were collected b…

Chronic Effects of Whole-Body Vibration

1986

The reactions of the body to stress from mechanical vibration, presented in the section “Acute Effects of Mechanical Vibration” (see p. 12), deal with individual organs and functions. It is now time for the following question to be asked: Are these physiological or pathophysiological changes in reality the external symptoms of a vibration-induced illness of the whole organism? Above all, some Soviet scientists are of this opinion. Andreeva-Galanina (1967) has especially called this concept “vibration illness” and has used it in the sense that the totality of vibration-induced changes in the human organism can be characterized (Rublack 1978). In this systemic “vibration illness,” Andreeva-Ga…

Acute Effects on Impact Accelerations Running with Objects in the Hand

2021

Amateur runners usually run carrying implements in their hands (keys, a mobile phone, or a bottle of water). However, there is a lack of literature about the effects of different handloads on impact accelerations. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the effects of carrying different objects in the hand on impact accelerations during running. Nineteen male recreational runners (age 24.3 ± 6.8 years, training volume of 25 ± 7.38 km/week) performed twenty minutes of running on a treadmill at 2.78 m/s with four different conditions: no extra weight, with keys, with a mobile phone, and with a bottle of water. Impact acceleration and spatio-temporal parameters were analysed through a wireless triax…

Radiation protection in non-ionizing and ionizing body composition assessment procedures

2020

Body composition assessment (BCA) represents a valid instrument to evaluate nutritional status through the quantification of lean and fat tissue, in healthy subjects and sick patients. According to the clinical indication, body composition (BC) can be assessed by different modalities. To better analyze radiation risks for patients involved, BCA procedures can be divided into two main groups: the first based on the use of ionizing radiation (IR), involving dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT), and others based on non-ionizing radiation (NIR) [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]. Ultrasound (US) techniques using mechanical waves represent a separate group. The pur…

Acute effects of short-duration isolated static stretching or combined with dynamic exercises on strength, jump and sprint performance

2013

Summary Objective This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of a short-duration isolated static stretching or combined with dynamic plyometric exercises on the performance of some anaerobic parameters (strength, jumping and sprinting). Methods During three distinct sessions and after a standardized warm-up, 15 participants randomly performed static stretching exercises alone, static stretching combined with plyometric exercises and no stretch. Total stretch duration was 20 seconds long per muscle group (quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscles). Tests included maximal quadriceps muscle strength, countermovement jumps and 15 m sprints. Results Whatever the condition, maximal strength …

Role of microglia in blood pressure and respiratory responses to acute hypoxic exposure in rats

2021

AbstractMicroglia modulate cardiorespiratory activities during chronic hypoxia. It has not been clarified whether microglia are involved in the cardiorespiratory responses to acute hypoxia. Here we investigated this issue by comparing cardiorespiratory responses to two levels of acute hypoxia (13% O2 for 4 min and 7% O2 for 5 min) in conscious unrestrained rats before and after systemic injection of minocycline (MINO), an inhibitor of microglia activation. MINO increased blood pressure but not lung ventilation in the control normoxic condition. Acute hypoxia stimulated cardiorespiratory responses in MINO-untreated rats. MINO failed to significantly affect the magnitude of hypoxia-induced bl…

Changes in Perfusion Pattern of Experimental Tumors Due to Reduction in Arterial Oxygen Partial Pressure

2006

Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia in Adults: Pathophysiology, Status of Current Therapy, and New Approaches

1987

Recent information concerning the cell biology of leukemias has provided new insights into the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of acute leukemia, involving the detection of leukemia viruses, oncogenes and their products, and the discovery of factors supporting clonal leukemic growth. Murine, avian, and cat leukemia viruses are well characterized. To date, only HTLV I appears to be a likely candidate as a human leukemia virus. For both avian and murine viruses, there is a fundamental classification distinction between long-latency viruses (LLV) and acute transforming viruses (ATV). The ATV are replication defective and must be propagated with a helper virus. They have within their genome an…